Data Conversion and Migration Strategy

Information Conversion and Migration Strategy 1. Information Conversion Migration Strategy The extent of this area is to characterize the information relocation technique from a CRM point of view. By its very nature, CRM is certifiably not a discount supplanting of inheritance frameworks with BSC CRM yet rather the coordination and the executives of client cooperation inside the current application scene. In this manner a huge scope information relocation in the conventional sense isn't required, just a chosen few information elements should be moved into BSC CRM. Information relocation is commonly a ‘one-off action preceding go-live. Any progressing information loads required on a continuous or specially appointed premise are viewed as interfaces, and are not part of the information relocation scope. This segment diagrams how STEE-Infosoft plans to deal with the information movement from the CAMS and HPSM inheritance frameworks to the BSC CRM framework. STEE-InfoSoft will give a far reaching information transformation and relocation answer for move the present heritage databases of CAMS and HPSM. The arrangement would receive the most reasonable and proper innovation for database movement, utilizing our demonstrated strategy and expert aptitude. STEE-InfoSofts information movement procedure guarantees clients the quality, consistency, and exactness of results. Table 11 shows STEE-InfoSoft information movement esteems recommendation utilizing our strategy. Table 11: STEE-Infosoft information movement esteems recommendation Worth Subtleties Financially savvy STEE-InfoSoft receives a financially savvy information relocation arrangement. Negligible personal time can be accomplished for the information relocation. Broad utilization of mechanization accelerate work and makes post-run changes and revisions down to earth. Mistake following and revision abilities help to evade rehashed transformation re-runs. Customization empowers taking care of business the right way Short Downtime Vacation is limited in light of the fact that a large portion of the movement forms are outside to the running application framework, and don't influence its ordinary work process. It further lessens personal time by permitting the information transformation to be acted in stages. Guaranteed Data Integrity Contents and projects are consequently created for later use when testing and approving the information. Command Over the Migration Process. Making extraordinary ETL (Extract, Transform and Load) contents to run the concentrate and burden forms so as to diminish the personal time of the current frameworks. Consolidating fields, sifting, parting information, changing field definitions and deciphering the field content. Expansion, Deletion, Transformation, and Aggregation, Validation rules for purging information. 1.1. Information Migration Overview Information movement is the exchange of information from one area, stockpiling medium, or equipment/programming framework to another. Movement endeavors are frequently incited by the requirement for redesigns in specialized foundation or changes in business prerequisites Best practices in information movement suggests two standards which are characteristic for fruitful information relocation: Perform information relocation as an undertaking devoted to the exceptional goal of setting up another (target) information store. Perform information relocation in four essential stages: Data Migration Planning, Data Migration Analysis and Design, and Data Migration Implementation, and Data Migration Closeout as appeared in 1.1. What's more, effective information movement ventures were ones that boosted chances and alleviated dangers. The accompanying basic achievement factors were distinguished: Perform information movement as an autonomous task. Build up and oversee desires all through the procedure. Get present and future information and business necessities. Distinguish people with mastery in regards to heritage information. Gather accessible documentation in regards to heritage system(s). Characterize information relocation venture jobs duties plainly. Play out a thorough outline of information substance, quality, and structure. Organize with entrepreneurs and partners to decide significance of business information and information quality. 1.2. STEE-Info Data Migration Project Lifecycle Table 12 records the significant level procedures for each period of the STEE-Info Data Migration Project Lifecycle. While all information movement ventures follow the four stages in the Data Migration Project Lifecycle, the significant level and low-level procedures may fluctuate contingent upon the size, extension and unpredictability of every relocation venture. In this way, the accompanying data should fill in as a rule for creating, assessing, and actualizing information movement endeavors. Every significant level and low-level procedure ought to be remembered for a DataMigrationPlan. For those procedures not considered proper, an avocation for rejection ought to be reported in the DataMigrationPlan. Table 12: Data Migration Project Lifecycle with significant level assignments distinguished. Information Migration Planning Phase Information Migration Analysis Design Phase Information Migration Implementation Phase Information Migration Closeout Phase Plan Data Migration Project Examine Assessment Results Create Procedures Report Data Migration Results Decide Data Migration Requirements Characterize Security Controls Stage Data Report Lessons Learned Evaluate Current Environment Plan Data Environment Purge Data Perform Knowledge Transfer Create Data Migration Plan Structure Migration Procedures Convert Transform Data (varying) Impart Data Migration Results Characterize and Assign Team Roles and Responsibilities Approve Data Quality Relocate Data (preliminary/sending) Approve Migration Results (iterative) Approve Post-relocation Results During the lifecycle of an information relocation venture, the group moves the information through the exercises appeared in 1.2 The group will rehash these information the executives exercises varying to guarantee an effective information burden to the new objective information store. 1.3. Information Migration Guiding Principles 1.3.1. Information Migration Approach 1.3.1.1. Ace Data (for example Clients, Assets) The methodology is that ace information will be moved into CRM giving these conditions hold: The application where the information dwells is being supplanted by CRM. The ace records are required to help CRM usefulness post-go-live. There is a key operational, announcing or legitimate/legal prerequisite. The ace information is current (for example records set apart for cancellation need not be moved) OR is required to help another relocation. The heritage information is of an adequate quality such so as not to antagonistically influence the day by day running of the CRM framework OR will be rinsed by the business/improved adequately inside the information relocation procedure to meet this prerequisite. Note: Where the ace information lives in an application that isn't being supplanted by CRM, yet is required by CRM to help explicit usefulness, the information won't be relocated however gotten to from CRM utilizing a unique question turn upward. A unique question turn upward is a continuous inquiry getting to the information in the source application as and when it is required. The upsides of this methodology are; Keeps away from the duplication of information all through the framework scene. Keeps away from information inside CRM getting obsolete. Keeps away from the turn of events and running of regular interfaces to refresh the information inside CRM. Decreases the amount of information inside the CRM frameworks. 1.3.1.2. ‘Open Transactional information (for example Administration Tickets) The methodology is that ‘open value-based information won't be relocated to CRM except if ALL these conditions are met: There is a key operational, announcing or lawful/legal prerequisite The heritage framework is to be decommissioned because of the BSC CRM venture in timescales that would forestall a ‘run down of open things The equal ‘run down of open things inside the heritage framework is unfeasible because of operational, timing or asset requirements The CRM manufacture and structures grant a right and steady translation of heritage framework things nearby CRM-created things The entrepreneur can submit assets to claim information compromise and close down at a point by point level in a convenient way over various task stages 1.3.1.3. Authentic Master and Transactional information The methodology is that authentic information won't be relocated except if ALL these conditions are met: There is a key operational, announcing or legitimate/legal prerequisite that can't be met by utilizing the rest of the framework The heritage framework is to be decommissioned as an immediate consequence of the BSC CRM venture inside the BSC CRM venture course of events A documenting arrangement couldn't meet necessities The CRM fabricate and structures license a right and predictable translation of inheritance framework things close by CRM-produced things The entrepreneur can submit assets to claim information compromise and close down at a definite level in an opportune way over different task stages 1.3.2. Information Migration Testing Cycles So as to test and confirm the relocation procedure it is suggested that there will be three trying cycles before the last live burden: Preliminary Load 1: Unit testing of the concentrate and burden schedules. Preliminary Load 2: The principal trial of the total start to finish information relocation process for every datum substance. The fundamental motivation behind this heap is to guarantee the concentrate schedules work accurately, the arranging territory change is right, and the heap schedules can stack the information effectively into CRM. The different information elements won't really be stacked in a similar arrangement as will be finished during the live cutover Preliminary Cutover: a total practice of the live information movement process. The execution will be finished utilizing the cutover plan so as to approve that the arrangement is sensible and conceivable to finish in the concurred timescale. A last arrangement of purifying activities will come out of preliminary cutover (for any records which fizzled during the movement as a result of information quality issues). There will be at any rate one preliminary cutover. For mind boggling, high-hazard, movements a few preliminary runs might be performed, unti

A Guaiacol Dye-Coupled Reaction Reports That Catalytic Activity of Peroxidase Isolated from Fresh Turnip (Brassica Rapa) Increases as Temperature Rises Essays

A Guaiacol Dye-Coupled Reaction Reports That Catalytic Activity of Peroxidase Isolated from Fresh Turnip (Brassica Rapa) Increases as Temperature Rises Essays A Guaiacol Dye-Coupled Reaction Reports That Catalytic Activity of Peroxidase Isolated from Fresh Turnip (Brassica Rapa) Increases as Temperature Rises Paper A Guaiacol Dye-Coupled Reaction Reports That Catalytic Activity of Peroxidase Isolated from Fresh Turnip (Brassica Rapa) Increases as Temperature Rises Paper Compounds are proteins which serve to lessen the initiation vitality required for natural responses (Russell and others 2010). This permits naturally significant concoction responses to happen quickly enough to permit cells to do their life forms (Russell and others 2010). Compounds are made of at least one polypeptide strands, which exclusively or as a related complex interpretation of a three-dimensional shape. When appropriately related, these shapes structure the dynamic site and other supporting structures that permit chemicals to be powerful impetuses (Nelson and Cox 2005). Temperature speaks to the normal motor vitality in an item or arrangement (Russell and others 2010). This vitality causes quick development of broke up particles, for example, catalysts and substrate atoms, expanding the odds that they’ll reach each other so as to permit a synthetic response to happen (Nelson and Cox 2005). The active vitality may likewise impact the collapsing of the compound. On the off chance that the powerless and solid bonds engaged with settling the protein structure are disturbed, denaturation of the protein can happen, taking out the enzyme’s viability (Nelson and Cox 2005; Russell and others 2010). This analysis will research the impacts of temperature on the compound energy †that is, the pace of an enzyme’s catalysis †of peroxidase disconnected from turnip. Plant peroxidases are engaged with lignin arrangement, which is a piece of the cell divider (Cosio and Dunand 1985). Turnip roots contain peroxidases which are catalysts that can be effortlessly removed, and on the grounds that peroxidases can free oxygen from hydrogen peroxide, their movement can without much of a stretch be estimated in the research center (Pitkin 1992). The pace of oxygen discharge is trailed by estimating the pace of oxidation of guaiacol, which turns earthy colored within the sight of oxygen and along these lines can be evaluated in a spectrophotometer (Nickle 2009). We guess that as we increment the temperature of response, dynamic vitality will build the recurrence with which peroxidase draws in hydrogen and the pace of guaiacol oxidation will increment. Since turnips develop in cool atmospheres, regularly underneath 24oC (Pollock 2009), we expect that the ideal temperature for compound action will associate with room temperature or cooler, and temperatures in overabundance of this will cause denaturation of the catalyst and a simultaneous loss of chemical movement. Strategies AND MATERIALS A store-bought turnip was cleaned and washed with faucet water. An extremely sharp steel was utilized to cut a 0. 5 g bit of tissue from the cortex. This was put in a mortar alongside 50 ml phosphate extraction cradle (0. 1 M, pH 7) and a touch of sand. The tissue was ground to a slurry and afterward separated through cheesecloth to frame the concentrate utilized for all investigations after normalization. To guarantee peroxidase was removed from the turnip and that the reagents were reasonable for the analysis, a positive control was performed. 2 ml of catalyst was added to a test tube containing 3 ml support, 2 ml H2O2, and 1 ml guaiacol color. After rapidly rearranging twice to blend the liquids, the substance obscured. Normalization was performed to address for contrasts in extraction strategies and tissue protein content. Three volumes of chemical (0. 5, 1. 0, and 2. 0 ml) were tried. To guarantee responses didn't start rashly, response segments were put into two separate test tubes. These were named â€Å"a† and â€Å"b† for every volume of concentrate, where â€Å"i† contained 0. 5 ml (weaken), â€Å"ii† held 1. 0 ml (medium), and â€Å"iii† had 2. 0 ml (concentrated) separate each (Table 1). The substance of matched cylinders were consolidated in the cylinder containing the catalyst at â€Å"time zero†. This cylinder was blended by modifying twice before 1 ml was moved to a cuvette which was put into a Genova spectrophotometer so the pace of absorbance change at 500 nm could be determined. The focus which gave the biggest steady absorbance change (as appeared by plotting absorbance after some time) was utilized for resulting tests. The incline of each line in the plot was estimated to decide the pace of guaiacol oxidation. The example containing 0. ml satisfied this standard (information not appeared). For all preliminaries, the â€Å"a† tubes contained 2. 0 ml H2O2 and 1. 0 ml guaiacol, and â€Å"b† tubes contained 4. 5 ml support and 0. 5 ml catalyst separate. These were put into the fitting equilibrated water shower (see beneath) for 5 minutes preceding blending and estimating their absorbance changes. For the temperature try, water showers were e quilibrated at the ideal temperatures of 4. 5oC, 10oC, 22. 5oC, 50oC and 80oC. To make the 4oC temperature, a measuring utencil of water was set in the fridge. Both â€Å"a† and â€Å"b† tubes were set in racks in the proper water shower for 5 minutes preceding the ideal opportunity for them to be combined. Blending was proceeded as portrayed above, and the spectrophotometer was again utilized at 500 nm light. To decide whether high temperature will modify results by corrupting reagents, (for example, causing H2O2 to unexpectedly discharge oxygen or make guaiacol oxidize autonomously of compound movement), we made a copy control tube (Table 1) and warmed it to 80oC for 15 minutes. This negative control id not show an expansion in ingestion contrasted and the unheated control tube, so we inferred that the temperatures just influence particle developments in the examination. A comparable test was finished with the 4oC temperature and again no distinction was estimated. Three duplicates were for every temperature. Pace of retention change was built up for each, and standard deviations between preliminaries at every temperature we re resolved utilizing Excel 2000 programming. RESULTS The positive control turned earthy colored/beige continually and consistently over around 1. 5 minutes. This was very evident to the unaided eye. Controls presented to high or low temperature without catalysts present didn't show an unexpected assimilation in comparison to the control that stayed at room temperature (information not appeared). Response rate at lower temperatures was least at 4. 5oC at 0. 25 A500/min. This expanded as temperature increased until a pinnacle pace of 0. 52 A500/min at room temperature (22. 5oC) was taken note. At 50oC, the pace of oxidation declined to0. 39 A500/min and a response pace of 0. 05 A500/min was estimated at 80oC (Figure 1). Conversation The outcomes show that compound movement does to be sure increment as the temperature of the response is raised. The ideal temperature must lie somewhere in the range of 10 and 50oC, yet in all probability is close to temperature, perhaps somewhat cooler as turnips normally develop in calm atmospheres (Pollock 2009). Proteins are ordinarily organized to work in a specific domain; generally one in which it regularly works (Russell and others 2010). The huge standard deviation saw for values gathered at 10oC recommends that the genuine ideal may lie underneath room temperature. More estimations at this temperature could refine these qualities, giving an increasingly exact normal at this temperature. To locate the ideal response temperature all the more precisely, a progression of temperature interims, maybe 2oC separated and spreading over 10oC to 50oC could be estimated. It is intriguing to look at the exact ideal temperature for turnip peroxidase movement to the normal temperature at which turnips normally develop. An investigation that looks at this to a peroxidase extricated from a tropical plant may likewise end up being fascinating. Researching the reversibility of a powerless warm denaturation may likewise demonstrate fascinating. Warm vitality presumably influences powerless bonds, for example, the hydrophobic, hydrophilic, and ionic relationship, to the biggest degree (Russell and others 2010). Denaturation may be forestalled by adjustment with covalent linkages inside and between polypeptide strands (Anfinsen and Haber 1961). Catalysts that are especially powerless to warm harm are regularly bolstered by chaperonins or different proteins which can fix the denatured chemicals (Morimoto and others 2009). We plan to next recognize the impacts of denaturation, and whether it very well may be turned around by ensuing cooling. Synopsis Plant peroxidases cause peroxides to separate and discharge oxygen. The pace of oxygen discharge can be determined by watching the measure of oxidation that happens with guaiacol insolution with peroxidase and its substrate. Compound action was resolved at 4oC, 10oC, 22oC, 50oC, and 80oC by estimating obscuring of guaiacol. The most elevated measure of oxidation was recorded at 22oC. Compound movement was missing at 80oC, recommending the protein denatured at this temperature. Catalyst action relates with the cool mild conditions normal for this plant.

how to write a good essay

how to write a good essay The essay is a short piece of writing representing one’s side of the argument or one’s experiences, stories, etc. The essays are very personalized. It is mainly one done by the students a part of the work for the course. An essay divides into several paragraphs. What is an Essay Summary What is an EssayTYPES OF ESSAYHOW TO WRITE A GOOD ESSAY: STEPS TO WRITE A ESSAYCreate a thesis statement:Write the body paragraphs:Edit your first draft: An article must demonstrate a detailed account of your own opinion about the idea. Terms such as honesty, honor, or love are abstract and depend more on a personal point of view. The comprehensive must base upon your ideas and thoughts. Some particular types of essays may require the use of the first person. An essay structure consists of an introduction and conclusions. TYPES OF ESSAY There are four types of essays. And every essay has a different way of Writing Let’s see-Narrative Essays: when the writer is narrating an accident or story through the essay. The reader involves in the essay when writing is narrative if they were right there when it was happening. One step to make this possible is to follow the principle. You must involve the reader in the story. Descriptive Essays: The writer will describe a place, an object, an event. But it is not completely clear the things. The writer must plan a diagram through his words. A Descriptive essay, when well done, will make the reader feel the emotions .the reader feel the feelings the writer was feeling at the moment. Expository Essays: In this essay, the writer presents a balanced study of a topic. To write an essay, the writer must have real knowledge about the subject.there is no scope for the emotions in the essay. It completely depends upon the facts and example etc. Persuasive Essays: The purpose of an essay is to get the reader to your side of the argument. The write convinces the point of view of the reader. Both sides of the case have to presented in the essay. The writers argument carries more weight. HOW TO WRITE A GOOD ESSAY: There is no one way to write a good essay. Essay writing is a rather tricky process and not the easiest thing to do. If you gathered together all essay entries that have you would find it challenging to write. Originality is the key. You have to delve deep into your passion and drive to study your subject. And create a response that relates to you. Here we are describing to you how to write a good essay. STEPS TO WRITE A ESSAY Pick a topic: Sometimes your topic will be given by the teacher give n; you will be a better option to choose a more relevant topic. Then the first point is to define the purpose of your essay. Being by brainstorming, sit down, be calm, and start a free flow of thoughts and set down ideas. Take some to consider, focus, and choose an exciting topic depending on the type of essay. If you find it hard to come up with a to the essay topic, ask your teacher for assistance and will get a problem.Create an outline: some students get scared to start writing. They want to make sure they have all their thoughts organized, to create your essay outline. Write the main ideas at the end of each line and include your thoughts. Some people prefer and work better with the flowing structure of a diagram. Write the topic at the top of your page.for a five-paragraph essay, have an introduction, at least three main ideas, and a conclusion. Leave space under each plan. Create a thesis statement: Start by creating a thesis statement which must tell your editor the primary purpose of your essay. Read all through your outline to help you create an appropriate thesis. A thesis statement states or outlines what you mean to prove in your essay. A good thesis statement should be clear, concise, specific, and takes a position. Your theory statement must state the topic and the main argument of your essay. Write the body paragraphs: That is the part of the essay, you supposed to explain, describe the topic. The main idea you wrote down on your outline becomes the separate paragraphs. Each paragraph carries the main idea. The article starts with an introductory sentence, which gives the main idea. Edit your first draft: Before you consider your first draft a finished essay, do the editing and proofreading. Check out the structure of your essay and make the correct format used. Read your paper to ensure the sentences are sensible and paragraphs flow into each other. Check the grammar, spelling, and punctuation make the necessary correction. Write your final draft and submit it before the deadline. Hope till now you learn how to write a good essay. if you still have confusion and having less time to do this by your own then dont worry just submit your work to us and received the best essay writing help from the professionals at reasonable prices.

The Value of Literature - 2146 Words

The Value of Literature The importance of literature cannot be underestimated in society past and present. Literature assists human beings in two very distinct ways. First, literature helps the individual to imagine. The value of imagination absolutely cannot be underestimated. As J.K. Rowling once said, Imagination is not only the uniquely human capacity to envision that which is not, and therefore the fount of all invention and innovation. In its arguably most transformative and revelatory capacity, it is the power that enables us to empathize with humans whose experiences we have never shared (Harvardmagazine.com). Here, Rowling highlights two aspects of the most crucial importance of imagination: the ability to dream and the ability to empathize. Imagination helps one to build worlds beyond ones immediate circumstances, crafting things that the monotony of everyday existence cannot offer. This can be things as delightful as magic, sorcery, flying on broomsticks, being invisible, fighting evil monsters or other journeys. Imagination can act as an instant time machine, taking one to the forefront of bitter battles of the Civil War or to the glamorous and roaring twenties. For example, Christopher in the novel The Curious Case of the Dog in the Nighttime asserts I find it difficult to imagine things which did not happen to me (Haddon, 5). This is a common issue for people and something which literature can correct. Imagination, essentially, opens doors in onesShow MoreRelatedThe Value Of Literature Courses1428 Words   |  6 PagesWhat is the value of literature courses? We live in an age where information is conveyed in 140 characters. Why should students be required to read longer works? (By way of helping students get started ... this question is based on your opinion and you should make a short argument for or against. It is okay to use first person, I.) 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Barack Obama s Accomplishments And Challenges Essay

President Barack Obama is seen as one of the most controversial presidents in the recent U.S. history. This paper will examine Obama s legacy by introducing his background prior to the white House; analyze Obama’s major accomplishments and challenges in the past 8 years. As well as examines the internal opposition force from the other branches of the government Obama faced when conducting domestic policy. Obama was born on August 4, 1961, in Honolulu, Hawaii, to a white mother from Kansas, Stanley Ann Dunham, and a black father from Kenya, Barack Obama Sr; he was also raised by his grandparents (Organizing for Action). Obama studied at Occidental College, a liberal art school in Los Angeles for two years. He then transferred to Columbia University to finish his undergraduate degree in political science and finished his graduate degree at Harvard Law School. In 1985, Obama moved to the south side of Chicago and started as a community organizer for low-income residents to rebuild the community and mobilizing local involvement in l politics by helping them register to vote. He has credited that experience as crucial to finding his identity—something that shaped his path to the White House (Organizing for Action). After Harvard law school, Obama practiced law a civil rights lawyer while taught constitutional law part-time at the University of Chicago between 1992 and 2004. Obama was elected to the Illinois State Senate in 1996 and was elected to the U.S. Senate in 2004. DuringShow MoreRelatedLeadership Characteristics Of A Leader Essay1248 Words   |  5 Pagesalso undergone a huge change over the period. Industries and business have set their managers as leaders to achieve the vision, mission and challenges of the company. Some leaders are born and need a little training and development. 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The Homeland Security Act of 2002s first responsibility as preventing terrorist attacks in the United States; but, the laws language makes it clear that investigation and prosecution of terrorism remains with the FBI and assigns DHS only analytical and advisory role in intelligence activities

Joseph Andrews Characters Free Essays

Joseph Andrews A handsome and virtuous young footman whom Lady Booby attempts to corrupt. He is a protege of Mr. Adams and the devoted but chaste lover of Fanny Goodwill. We will write a custom essay sample on Joseph Andrews Characters or any similar topic only for you Order Now His adventures in journeying from the Booby household in London back to the countryside, where he plans to marry Fanny, provide the main plot of the novel. Mr. Abraham Adams A benevolent, absent-minded, impecunious, and somewhat vain curate in Lady Booby’s country parish. He notices and cultivates Joseph’s intelligence and moral earnestness from early on, and he supports Joseph’s determination to marry Fanny. His journey back to the countryside coincides with Joseph’s for much of the way, and the vibrancy of his simple good nature makes him a rival of Joseph for the title of protagonist. Fanny Goodwill The beautiful but reserved beloved of Joseph, a milkmaid, believed to be an orphan. She endures many unsuccessful sexual assaults. Sir Thomas Booby The recently deceased master of Joseph and patron of Mr. Adams. Other characters’ reminiscences portray him as decent but not heroically virtuous; he once promised Mr. Adams a clerical living in return for Adams’s help in electing Sir Thomas to parliament, but he then allowed his wife to talk him out of it. Lady Booby Sir Thomas’s widow, whose grieving process involves playing cards and propositioning servants. She is powerfully attracted to Joseph, her footman, but finds this attraction degrading and is humiliated by his rejections. She exemplifies the traditional flaws of the upper class, namely snobbery, egotism, and lack of restraint, and she is prone to drastic mood swings. Mrs. Slipslop A hideous and sexually voracious upper servant in the Booby household. Like her mistress, she lusts after Joseph. Peter Pounce Lady Booby’s miserly steward, who lends money to other servants at steep interest and gives himself airs as a member of the upwardly striving new capitalist class. Mr. Booby The nephew of Sir Thomas. Fielding has adapted this character from the â€Å"Mr. B. † of Samuel Richardson’s  Pamela; like Richardson’s character, Mr. Booby is a rather snobbish squire who marries his servant girl, Pamela Andrews. Pamela Andrews Joseph’s virtuous and beautiful sister, from whom he derives inspiration for his resistance to Lady Booby’s sexual advances. Pamela, too, is a servant in the household of a predatory Booby, though she eventually marries her lascivious master. Fielding has adapted this character from the heroine of Samuel Richardson’s  Pamela. Mr. Andrews The father of Pamela and, ostensibly, Joseph. Mrs. Andrews The mother of Pamela and, ostensibly, Joseph. Two Ruffians Highwaymen who beat, rob, and strip Joseph on the first night of his journey. Postilion Lends Joseph his greatcoat when Joseph is naked following the attack by the Ruffians. Mr. Tow-wouse The master of the inn where Joseph boards after being attacked by the Ruffians. He intends to lend Joseph one of his own shirts, but his stingy wife prevents him. Later he is discovered in bed with Betty the chambermaid. Mrs. Tow-wouse The frugal, nagging wife of Mr. Tow-wouse. Betty A chambermaid in the inn of Mr. and Mrs. Tow-wouse. Her initial care of Joseph bespeaks her basic good nature, but she is also lustful, and her association with him ends badly. Mr. Barnabas A clergyman who never passes up a drink and halfheartedly attends Joseph during his recovery from the attack by the Ruffians. Surgeon Belatedly addresses the injuries Joseph sustained during his attack by the Ruffians. Bookseller A friend of Mr. Barnabas, declines to represent Mr. Adams, author of several volumes of sermons, in the London book trade. Tom Suckbribe The Constable who fails to guard an imprisoned Ruffian and may have some financial incentive for failing in this office. Leonora The reclusive inhabitant of a grand house along the stage-coach route, a shallow woman who once jilted the hard-working Horatio for the frivolous Bellarmine and then was jilted in turn. Horatio An industrious lawyer who intended to marry Leonora but lost her to the wealthy and flamboyant Bellarmine. Bellarmine A Frenchified cavalier who values Leonora’s beauty enough to steal her away from Horatio but who finally rejects her when her father refuses to supply a dowry. Leonora’s Father A miserly old gentleman who refuses to bestow any money on his daughter during his life and thereby causes her to lose Bellarmine as a suitor. Leonora’s Aunt Leonora’s chaperone during the period of her courtship by Horatio and then Bellarmine; encourages Leonora to pursue her financial self-interest in choosing a mate. Mrs. Grave-airs A snobbish stage-coach passenger who objects to traveling with the footman Joseph but turns out to be the daughter of a man who was once a lower servant. Sportsman Encounters Mr. Adams while out shooting one night; extolls bravery when conversing with Adams but flees the scene when the cries of a distressed woman are heard. The Justice A local magistrate who does not take his responsibilities very seriously. He handles the case of Mr. Adams and Fanny when Fanny’s attacker accuses them of having beaten and robbed him. Mr. Wilson A gentleman who, after a turbulent youth, has retired to the country with his wife and children and lives a life of virtue and simplicity. His eldest son, who turns out to have been Joseph, was stolen by gypsies as a child. Mrs. Wilson The wife of Wilson. She once redeemed him from debtor’s prison, having been the object of his undeclared love for some time. Pedlar An apparent instrument of providence who pays one of Mr. Adams’s many inn bills, rescues Mr. Adams’s drowning son, and figures out the respective parentages of both Joseph and Fanny. Mrs. Adams The wife of Mr. Adams and mother of his six children, prone to nagging but also appreciative of her husband’s loving nature. Parson Trulliber An entrepreneurial and greedy clergyman, more dedicated to hog farming than to the care of souls, who refuses to lend Mr. Adams money for his inn bill. Mrs. Trulliber The downtrodden wife of Parson Trulliber. Hunter of Men An eccentric and rather sadistic country gentleman who sets his hunting dogs on Mr. Adams, allows his friends to play cruel jokes on him, and attempts to abduct Fanny. Captain One of the Squire’s friends, abducts Fanny on the Squire’s orders but is himself taken prisoner by servants of Lady Booby. Player One of the Squire’s friends, a failed actor who pursues Fanny on the Squire’s orders but flees when the Captain is taken prisoner. Poet One of the Squire’s friends, a failed playwright who pursues Fanny on the Squire’s orders but flees when the Captain is taken prisoner. Quack-Doctor One of the Squire’s friends; comes up with a Socratic practical joke that exploits Mr. Adams’s pedantry. Priest Discourses on the vanity of riches before asking Mr. Adams for money to pay his inn bill. Lawyer Scout Tells Mr. Adams that Joseph has worked long enough to gain a settlement in Lady Booby’s parish, but then becomes a willing accomplice in Lady Booby’s attempt to expel Joseph and Fanny. Justice Frolick The local magistrate who cooperates with Lady Booby’s attempt to expel Joseph and Fanny from her parish. Beau Didapper A guest of Lady Booby’s, lusts after Fanny and makes several unsuccessful attempts on her. Pimp A servant of Beau Didapper’s, attempts to persuade Fanny to accept his master’s advances and then makes a few attempts on his own behalf. Dick Adams A son of Mr. and Mrs. Adams, nearly drowns in a river but is rescued by the Pedlar. He then reads the story of Leonard and Paul to his parents’ guests. Leonard A married man who argues frequently with his wife while entertaining his friend Paul in their home. Like his wife, he eventually accepts Paul’s advice always to yield in disputes, even and especially when he knows himself to be right. Leonard’s Wife The wife of Leonard, with whom she argues frequently while they are entertaining his friend Paul in their home. Like her husband, she eventually accepts Paul’s advice always to yield in disputes, even and especially when she knows herself to be right. Paul Leonard’s friend, separately advises both Leonard and Leonard’s wife to adhere to the â€Å"Doctrine of Submission. † How to cite Joseph Andrews Characters, Essay examples

Perspectives in world art and design

Brief biography Giotto Di Bondone was a reknowned italian architect and painter who lived between July 1266 and january 1337.1 In his most popular name, it is worth to refer to him as one of the most prolific artists who were utterly important in the renaisance of Italy.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Perspectives in world art and design specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Giotto came up with contemporary pieces of paintings in his time. He was highly reputed due to the drawing of figure postures which were inseparable with the realities of nature. Historical research records indicate that Giotto was born at Romimignano which was a very sympolic farmhouse on top of a hill. This explains the honour attached to his birthplace. Indeed, the commercial publications which assert this special feature of Giotto (the artist) would lose value without this phenomenal inclusion. The artistic life of Giotto was not merely full of these unique characteristics. His father Bondone was a well known personality. He had achieved an admirable status of a life which had a good stand in society. Despite the fact that the society of that time kept keen records of all individuals, Giotto was able to come up with an amicable stability. The fact that he was a son to a blacksmith happened to be a valuable outfit which positioned him to grow into an intelligent and adorable artist. Giotto was alo known to be a highly gifted painter during his tender years.Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More He would draw very magnificent pictures of sheep and other animals.2 This was a clear indication of how much he was endowed with an inherent talent. Artists argue that an artistic brain cannot be concealed by the circumstances of a person’s life. Art is comparable to some form of fire which burns out of the heart of its behold er. Giotto was taken to art workshops where he was able to appreciate his skill right from the level of an apprentice. What makes his paintings different from byzantine style artist The artistic works of Goitto have a profound feture of excellence. It is possible to compare and contrast his productions with the works of most byzantine artists.3 On top of the fact that Giotto painted with a great influence of the happenings of nature, it is evident that his skill was differentiated from that of the byzantine styles. Giotto was well established in the technique of making accurate and precise paintings from the occurences of real life.4 His technique was a revival of an historical technique of making drawings by the use of deductions from the natural existence of life. Giotto had a style of making paintings which were in line with the happening during his time.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Perspectives in world art and design specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More He built his creativity on his way of life and therefore came up with paintings which showed the major happenings which sirrounded the society. A good example is the Frescoes he made for the upper church. The artistic commisions of his work here were a represntation of the documents that the Basilica church was up for divisions. He was describing the activities of the church. He showed the overshadowed happenings which were part of the congregation.5 This timely style of taking opportunities as an artist are not found in the byzantine style of art. Most byzantine art works are concrete in accordance to the creativity of individual artists.6 In the midst of the influence which came up with Byzantine, many artists did art on the basis of the setup of the society. This was as a result of their openness to the influence. Giotta’s pictures are distinguished from these by the possession of a theme of diversity. The paintings have a wa y of showing the intends of the artist without borrowing from any external features. The byzantine styles show aspects of depicting the importance of art in communication.Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Describe the epiphany by example using the visual analysis technique The Epiphany gives a dependable foundation for anyone who is ready to analyze art. This work by Goitta is part of his series on the series of the life of Christ. It is one of the altar covers which were established for the church at Santa Croce. Goitto produced a classic representation of his story by using this form of drawing. The object has been formed through the use of a uniform stroke of brushes. The painting of this object was carried on using a specific choice of procedures. This is shown by the fact that the elements of the final work are clearly shown. It is possible to transit from one part of the painting to the other since individual elements of the diagram. This diagram can be gauged as large painting. Although it has been produced in a relatively small size it is should be noted that this is a small picture. On a general viewpoint, the painting is quite eye catching and symbolic of classical art. On the other hand, the Madonna and child image presents a commanding representation of beauty and elegance. There in Goitto manages to communicate the theme of the baby as a savior according to biblical accounts. Space has been created and utilized accordingly. The figure comes out clearly in contrast to the space around it. This image has a model stature which brings out the expressions of Goitta. Explanation of the story being told in Giotto’s painting It is important to note that Epiphany is one of the highest quality paintings found in Metropolitan museum in New York.7 Notably, the work of art in its fullness of form is very informative and therefore it presents a religious theme. In order to understand the story being told in the painting, it is essential to explain briefly what the painting entails. From a careful observation of the painting, one can analyze that on the lower edge of the panel, the king kneels at the center of the altar to worship the new born child. 8 The refore, this painting explains about the time when Jesus Christ was born and the wise men came to worship him with gifts. Moreover, the painting further expound on the fact that the wise men came with numerous gifts made of Gold, Frankincense and myrrh.9 Nevertheless, from the story, numerous sources give different explanation and meaning of the gifts. For instance, according to the holy Bible especially in the New Testament, different scriptures give dissimilar-r theological significance of the gifts. In this case, the gift of Frankincense, according to Hebrews 4:14 symbolizes a great and a high priest.10 Moreover, according to the same scripture, myrrh signifies a paschal lamb of sacrifice for the sins of people in the world. However, other scriptures such as John, Luke, Mark and Mathew only mention the gifts but do not explain their significance. 11 Additionally, the magi have their own understanding of the gifts and other symbols portrayed in the painting. From a careful review of literature, one can argue that the magi have a hymn that portrays the theological significance of the gifts and the value attached to their Lord. According to the Magi, the gifts of gold signify that Jesus Christ is the new king. Moreover, they also perceive the Frankincense and myrrh to signify that Jesus is not only the king but also the God and a sacrifice for the sins of the world. In line with this, it is notable that the painting contains numerous characters making it more expansive and informative. Needless to say, the background of the painting can be divided into four major planes in order to analyze the characters with ease. The first plane is that at the top of the painting where we see four angles who seems engaged in their own activities. Moreover, on the left corner of the painting, there are wise men standing by the side warmly dressed. At the center we see a king kneeling to worship the newly born Baby. Additionally, we see Virgin Mary and her Husband Joseph stand ing by the side with their child at the center. Note that all the characters portrayed in the picture helps the audience to obtain sharper details of what the picture is all about.12 Needless to say, the arrangement of the characters in the picture is a bit concise giving it an expansive look. However, there is a little overlapping. The origin of the story was a commemoration of the Jews about the birth of Jesus Christ. Therefore, this story originates from the religious belief among the Jews on the revelation of the prophecy that a king will be born and he will be the messiah. 13 As mentioned earlier in this section, the figures on the top left corner of the painting are angels. Comparing the works of art by Giotto and Bellini in terms of form, weight and negative space used It is certain that Giotto has been regarded by late renaissance artists as the father of western art. This is due to the fact that he took a bigger step to embrace the spirituality style, a factor that changed the direction of art legacy. Notably, Giotto had a unique way of doing works of art that was easy to convince people on matters related to religious beliefs. In this case, artist of the late renaissance era emulated him and hence their works have common aspects.14 One of the notable artists who emulated Giotto’s style is Jacopo Bellini who produced a painting of the same style titles â€Å"the virgin and child† in 1465. One of the similarities of their works of art is the sensitivity and use f color styles in their painting. Both Bellini and Giotto have used slow-drying and clear paints in their pictures. Notably, their pictures exhibit a beautiful works that portrays their very master of artistic skills. Needless to say, both of the paintings are expansive and have a splendor that produces a radiating effect due to the color choice. Note that proper choice of color allows the audience to figure out every detail that exists in the picture. Moreover, this gives captures the true feeling and divine conservation of nature In addition to this, it is arguable that both painters have their work portraying a dynamic spatial equilibrium form the fact that the figures are arranged rhythmically both in shape and line. For this reason, the audience is able to interact freely with the figures portrayed in the pictures since they give room for an impressive view. Moreover, it is arguable that both painters have their work portraying a dynamic spatial equilibrium form the fact that the figures are arranged rhythmically both in shape and line. For this reason, the audience is able to interact freely with the figures portrayed in the pictures since they give room for an impressive view. Furthermore, evidence has shown that the artists gives equal weight to their work of a-rt. Needless to mention this, both Giotto and Bellini have high quality skills to express matters of divinity by the way they arrange their figures in the pictures. For instance, Giotto portray s the angels at the top with their arms thrown out almost flying to the scene where the child is born. Additionally, he portrays the wise men bending over in front of the child, an aspect that demonstrates spirituality and respect for a sacred being. On the other hand, Bellini paints a virgin woman holding a child with adorations. In this case, one can argue that the artists give weight to their artistic works to express emotion not just through movements but also the facial expressions of characters in the picture. It is imperative to note that the artist naturally make use of available space giving the pictures a neat look. Note that the paintings looks more imposed while viewing them at a glance. In this case, they make good use of negative background and this makes the figures to appear spontaneously free. In addition to this, the objects in the pictures despite the fact that they appear free and independent, they portray some sense of unity, a factors that enables them to bring out the desired message to the audience. Of essence to note it is that the artist skills give their work a sense of infinite beauty and naturalism. Nonetheless, the fact that Bellini imitated Giotto’s artistic styles, that does not deny his work a truthful representation of its originality. This is due to the fact that works of art is not a matter of imitation but the appearance that makes it distinct from the rest. Bibliography Corrain, Lucia. The Art of the Renaissance. New York: The Oliver Press, Inc., 2008. Giotto.†Encyclopedia of World Biography. 2004.† Encyclopedia.com. Last modified Jun. 25 2012 https://www.encyclopedia.com/. Ladis, Andrew. Giotto’s O: Narrative, Figuration, and Pictorial Ingenuity in the Arena Chapel. New York: Pennsylvania State UP, 2009. Perkins, Mason. Giotto. New York, Vintage Books, 2010. Pierpont, John. The Metropolitan Museum of Art: Guide to the Loan. New York: BiblioLife, 2010. Quilter, Harry. Giotto. London: Nabu Press, 2 012. Footnotes 1Harry Quilter, Giotto. (London: Nabu Press, 2012), 67. 2 Ibid., 59. 3Lucia Corrain, The Art of the Renaissance. (New York: The Oliver Press, Inc., 2008), 78. 4Mason Perkins, Giotto. (New York, Vintage Books, 2010), 129. 5 Ibid., 231. 6John Pierpont, The Metropolitan Museum of Art: Guide to the Loan. (New York: BiblioLife, 2010), 85. 7 Andrew Ladis, Giotto’s O: Narrative, Figuration, and Pictorial Ingenuity in the Arena Chapel. (New York: Pennsylvania State UP, 2009), 64. 8 John Pierpont, The Metropolitan Museum of Art: Guide to the Loan. (New York: BiblioLife, 2010), 72. 9 Lucia Corrain, The Art of the Renaissance. (New York: The Oliver Press, Inc., 2008), 102. 10 11 12Andrew Ladis, Giotto’s O: Narrative, Figuration, and Pictorial Ingenuity in the Arena Chapel. (New York: Pennsylvania State UP, 2009), 64. 13 Ibid., 46. 14 Giotto, â€Å"Encyclopedia of World Biography. 2004.† Encyclopedia.com. This essay on Perspectives in world art and design was written and submitted by user Giselle Marsh to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

How to Use German Particle or Filler Words

How to Use German Particle or Filler Words German, like any other language, has particular words and expressions that can be used in more than one way. These include the short but tricky  Wà ¶rter  known as â€Å"particles† or â€Å"fillers.† I call them â€Å"small words that can cause big problems.† Simple-Looking German Particles That Are Actually Tricky German words such as  aber,  auch,  denn,  doch,  halt,  mal,  nur,  schon  and even  ja  look deceptively simple, but are often a source of errors and misunderstanding for even intermediate learners of German. The main source of problems is the fact that each one of these words can have multiple meanings and functions in different contexts or situations. Take the word  aber. Most often it is encountered as a  Ã¢â‚¬â€¹coordinating conjunction, as in:  Wir wollten heute fahren,  aber  unser Auto ist kaputt.  (â€Å"We wanted to go/drive today, but our car is broken down.†) In that context,  aber  functions like any of the coordinating conjunctions (aber,  denn,oder,  und). But  aber  can also be used as a particle:  Das ist aber nicht mein Auto.  (â€Å"That is, however, not my car.†) Or:  Das war aber sehr hektisch.  (â€Å"That was really very hectic.†) Another characteristic that such particle-word examples make clear is that it is often difficult to translate the German word into an English word. German  aber,  contrary to what your first-year German teacher told you, does  not  always equal â€Å"but†! In fact, the Collins/PONS German-English dictionary uses one-third of a column for all of the uses of  aber.  Depending on how it is being used, the word  aber  can mean: but, and, at all, however, really, just, isnt it?, havent you?, come on now or why. The word can even be a noun:  Die Sache hat ein Aber.  (â€Å"Theres just one snag.† -  das Aber) or  Kein Aber!  (â€Å"No ifs, ands or buts!†) In fact, a German dictionary rarely offers much help in dealing with particles. They are so idiomatic that it is often impossible to translate them, even if you understand German pretty well. But throwing them into your German (as long as you know what youre doing!) can make you sound more natural and native-like. To illustrate, lets use another example, the often over-used  mal. How would you translate  Sag mal, wann fliegst du?  or  Mal sehen.? In neither case would a good English translation actually bother to translate  mal  (or some of the other words) at all. With such idiomatic usage, the first translation would be â€Å"Say (Tell me), when does your flight leave?† The second phrase would be â€Å"Well see† in English. The word  mal  is actually two words. As an adverb, it has a mathematical function:  fà ¼nf mal fà ¼nf(5Ãâ€"5). But it is as a particle and a shortened form of  einmal  (once), that  mal  is most often used in day-to-day conversation, as in  Hà ¶r mal zu!  (Listen!) or  Kommt mal her!  (Come over here!). If you listen carefully to German-speakers, youll discover that they can hardly say anything without throwing in a  mal  here and there. (But its not nearly as irritating as the use of â€Å"Ya know† in English!) So if you do the same (at the right time and in the right place!), youll sound just like a German! Uses of the German Word Doch! The German word  doch  is so versatile that it can also be dangerous. But knowing how to use this word properly can make you sound like a true German (or Austrian or German Swiss)! Lets start with the basics:  ja,  nein  Ã¢â‚¬ ¦and  doch! Of course, two of the first words you ever learned in German were  ja  and  nein. You probably knew those two words  before  you began studying German! But they arent enough. You also need to know  doch. The use of  doch  to answer a question is not actually a particle function, but it is important. (Well get back to  doch  as a particle in a moment.) English may have the largest vocabulary of any world language, but it doesnt have a single word for  doch  as an answer. When you answer a question negatively or positively, you use  nein/no or  ja/yes, whether inDeutsch  or English. But German adds a third one-word option,  doch  (â€Å"on the contrary†), that English does not have. For instance, someone asks you in English, â€Å"Dont you have any money?† You actually do, so you answer, â€Å"Yes, I do.† While you might also add, â€Å"On the contrary...â€Å" only two responses are possible in English: â€Å"No, I dont.† (agreeing with the negative question) or â€Å"Yes, I do.† (disagreeing with the negative question). German, however, offers a third alternative, which in some cases is required instead of  ja  or  nein. The same money question in German would be:  Hast du kein Geld?  If you answer with  ja, the questioner may think you are agreeing to the negative, that yes, you do  not  have any money. But by answering with  doch,  you are making it clear: â€Å"On the contrary, yes, I do have money.† This also applies to statements that you want to contradict. If someone says, â€Å"Thats not right,† but it is, the German statement  Das stimmt nicht  would be contradicted with:  Doch! Das stimmt.  (â€Å"On the contrary, it is right.†) In this case, a response with  ja  (es stimmt) would sound wrong to German ears. A  doch  response clearly means you disagree with the statement. Doch  has many other uses as well. As an adverb, it can mean â€Å"after all† or â€Å"all the same.†Ã‚  Ich habe sie doch erkannt!  Ã¢â‚¬Å"I recognized her after all!† or â€Å"I  did  recognize her!† It is often used this way as an intensifier:  Das hat sie doch gesagt.   â€Å"She  did  say that (after all).† In commands,  doch  is more than a mere particle. It is used to soften an order, to turn it into more of a suggestion:  Gehen Sie doch vorbei!, â€Å"Why dont you go by?â€Å" rather than the harsher â€Å"(You will) go by!† As a particle,  doch  can intensify (as above), express surprise (Das war doch Maria!   That was actually Maria!), show doubt (Du hast doch meine Email bekommen?   You did get my email, didnt you?), question (Wie war doch sein Name?   Just what was his name?) or be used in many idiomatic ways:  Sollen Sie doch!   Then just go ahead (and do it)! With a little attention and effort, youll begin to notice the many ways that  doch  is used in German. Understanding the uses of  doch  and the other particles in German will give you a much better command of the language.

Gutierrez Surname Meaning and Origin

Gutierrez Surname Meaning and Origin Gutierrez is a patronymic name meaning son of Gutierre (son of Walter). Gutierre is a given name meaning he who rules. Gutierrez is the 24th most common Hispanic surname. Surname Origin Spanish Alternate Surname Spellings GUTIERRES, GUTERREZ, GUTERRES, GUTEREZ, GUTERES, BUTIERREZ, BUTIERRES Famous People With the Surname GUTIERREZ Richard Gutierrez - Filipino film and television actor and commercial modelRuffa Gutierrez - Filipina actress, model and beauty queen, Ms. WorldSidney M. Gutierrez - retired USAF colonel and NASA astronaut Genealogy Resources for the Surname GUTIERREZ: 100 Most Common U.S. Surnames Their MeaningsSmith, Johnson, Williams, Jones, Brown... Are you one of the millions of Americans sporting one of these top 100 common last names from the 2000 census? Gutierrez Family Genealogy ForumSearch this popular genealogy forum for the Gutierrez surname to find others who might be researching your ancestors, or post your own Gutierrez query. FamilySearch - GUTIERREZ GenealogyFind records, queries, and lineage-linked family trees posted for the Gutierrez surname and its variations. GUTIERREZ Surname Family Mailing ListsRootsWeb hosts several free mailing lists for researchers of the Gutierrez surname. Cousin Connect - GUTIERREZ Genealogy QueriesRead or post genealogy queries for the surname Gutierrez, and sign up for free notification when new Gutierrez queries are added. DistantCousin.com - GUTIERREZ Genealogy Family HistoryFree databases and genealogy links for the last name Gutierrez. References: Surname Meanings Origins Cottle, Basil. Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Baltimore, MD: Penguin Books, 1967.Menk, Lars. A Dictionary of German Jewish Surnames. Avotaynu, 2005.Beider, Alexander. A Dictionary of Jewish Surnames from Galicia. Avotaynu, 2004.Hanks, Patrick and Flavia Hodges. A Dictionary of Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1989.Hanks, Patrick. Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University Press, 2003.Smith, Elsdon C. American Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 1997.

Marketing Planning and Strategy (Marketing Yourself)2 Assignment

Marketing Planning and Strategy (Marketing Yourself)2 - Assignment Example According to Parrish (2014), marketers always strive to create ‘needs’ for their customers because this strategy can assist marketers to make their products/services absolutely necessary to the targeted market segment. In contrast, consumers try to distinguish between their ‘needs and wants’ so as to make effective utilization of money. I do not think that marketers overlook the target market. Generally marketers develop specific policies and practices to market their products/services to the target market. Hence marketers cannot meet their goals once they fail to focus on the target market. I strongly believe that an exercise was carried out to identify the target market for this course because candidates are required to express their knowledge in marketing profession. I do believe that I will be more marketable on completing this course because it is comprehensive enough to provide me with an in-depth knowledge regarding the marketing profession. Parrish, J. (2014). Creating A Sense Of Urgency: Why Marketing Must Behave Like Sales. Forbes, Sep 1. Retrieved from

Critical analysis Coy Mistress Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Critical analysis Coy Mistress - Essay Example While there is an element of truth to this argument, it is also true that poets like John Donne and Andrew Marvell can hardly be limited to these concerns (Donne 98). In Marvell’s poem, â€Å"To his Coy Mistress†, while the narrator constantly objectifies his lover, the poem also offers an insight into the mind of a man and the manner in which he expresses his love. The male narrator talks about the feats that he intends to achieve for the fulfillment of his lust. Characterized by temporal and spatial grandeur, the narrator’s intentions defy logic and human power: †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.  I would   Love you ten years before the Flood,   And you should, if you please, refuse   Till the conversion of the Jews.   My vegetable love should grow   Vaster than empires, and more slow; (Marvell) These comments made by the narrator makes one wonder whether the narrator’s reasons for wooing the â€Å"lady† (Marvell) are those of love, or lust. Can the two of these emotions co-exist or are they independent of each other, seems to be the question that seems to be foremost on Marvell’s mind. Contemporary psychology seems to say that both cases are possibilities. While love and lust are emotions that may find expression together, the possibility of them existing separately are also equally true (Barry). In the poetry of Marvell, both these possibilities are accommodated. The speaker in the poem, while talking about the eternal love that he bears for the lady that he talks of, also reminds her of the immediacy of his needs. Marvell’s poetry sees an integration of the emotions of love and lust through the integration of the motifs of eternal love and â€Å"carpe diem†- these words of Horace are usually translated as â€Å"seize the day†(). The character in the poem attempts to convince the lady to enter into a sexual union with him; at the same time by referring to her worthiness to be loved for eternity he also seems to be making a reference to the truth of his love. However, it would not be wrong for one to conclude that the foremost concern of the narrator of the poem seems to be to trick the woman that he is talking about, so as to fulfill his sexual desire. This satiation, which is at the top of the man’s list of priorities, can be seen in the latter half of the poem, where he talks of the worms that would invade the â€Å"long preserved virginity† of the woman, even if she were to guard it religiously, in a desperate attempt to persuade her of the futility of her holiness and chastity. This gets reflected in the impatient images that are used to represent the love of the lover. A psychoanalytic reading of the poem would make it clear how words such as â€Å"amorous birds of prey† figure in the course of things in Marvell’s poem. This would be a representation of the speaker’s state of mind through which his desire to figuratively devour his lover is shown. This is very much a representation of the carnal male desire towards his lover that the speaker lets slip. Throughout this poem, during which the speaker tries to persuade his lover to enter into a sexual union with him, he plays on the aspirations that characterize women and what they desire of a partner. This, psychologists argue is a result of an inbuilt defense mechanism that helps women target those males that they feel are likely to help them raise their children and not just enter into a relationship for the

Australian Economy - Foreign Debt :: essays research papers

Throughout its history Australia has had to rely on foreign savings to finance its development as did America until the World War I. This savings inflow showed up as a current account deficit that averaged 2.5 per cent of GDP. The 1980s monetary explosion under Keating saw this average leap to about 4.5 per cent. The soothing argument was that this sudden rise only meant that more foreign savings are being invested in Australia. That most of the foreign debt was incurred by the private sector was waved about as proof of this proposition. The debt, we were told, was being used to generate future income. If only it had been that simple. The painful truth is that a good part, if not most, of that capital inflow was wasted and the previous labour government was to blame. Foreign debt now stands at about 51 per cent of GDP. It is claimed by some that Australia has been forced to finance this debt by selling off the farm, and this is largely the fault of the private sector borrowing. This is economic nonsense. The 1980s saw the money supply spin out of control; at one point monetary growth was averaging 25 per cent a year. (In 2001 the present government allowed M1 to explode by 22 per cent and deposits by 25 per cent). As any classical economist — a much maligned breed — would have warned, the results were rising interest rates and rising current account deficits. True, the monetary expansion stimulated the economy — it also gave us an unsustainable boom followed by the inevitable bust. With monetary demand rising, interest rates at historically high levels and inadequate domestic savings the private sector was forced to borrow abroad. Much of the borrowings by business went into mal-investments: investments that would turnout to be unprofitable. This happened because the monetary expansion (inflation) misdirected production and hence investment by sending distorted price signals to investors. The situation was aggravated by a speculative fever fuelled by the boom and by any elements of the tax structure that favoured debt. Only accelerating inflation could maintain these mal-investments. Eventually, as we know, the government finally punctured its monetary boom with 20 per cent plus interest rates. The mal-investments revealed themselves as idle resources and humiliated entrepreneurs. What we could not liquidate was our foreign debt. The debt was bad because of the circumstances that created it.

Observation Report on Pre School Essay

Share details about your family, your relationship and views on your parents, spouse, brothers and sisters. I truly believe that being a member of a family is a priceless membership, that we can pay nothing for, but love, with that note I would like to briefly describe the family I was born in, my mother is a science teacher in Pinnacle school for more than a decade. My father, a mechanical engineer is serving Lloyd’s Insulation for more than 30 years. Almighty has been very kind to let me play a role of a big sister to my very special younger brother. Now about the family I was married into, my husband a wonderful man is a software engineer. In my family I have parents in law, a wonderful sister in law, and a very adorable daughter who is Five years old. 1) What was your most significant experience in childhood? My childhood was an amalgamation of experiences difficult to pinpoint any one. One experience which I can recall was that of building a nest for a baby bird which fell out of its nest. We group of friends nurtured and looked after that bird for as long as we can , gave it a nice cozy handkerchief box which I made in my school in the S.U.P.W class. As we grew and went to college my group of friends one day purchased a tiny puppy from the by lanes of Karol Bagh. Got the puppy back home and happily took turns to look after the puppy. One of the significant experiences of childhood was going to Aurangabad for my graduation. It taught me a lot about life and how to deal with the real world. 2) What were your memories of school days? Did you enjoy them? I have fond memories of the beautiful church our school compound had which I use to visit as a child early in the morning after getting down from the school bus. Our school had a little pond which had lot of Tadpoles in it. As kids I really enjoyed feeding them during recess time. I also enjoyed our dance class which we had in the school, sound of Ghungroo’s is still their in my memories. I enjoyed my music class at school we learnt a lot of beautiful songs their. I also remember standing Fifth in the fifth standard after burning the midnight oil. 3) Which teachers have the most impact and influence on you? Why? As a child till reaching college I came across many special teachers which left a mark on me. One such teacher was Mr.Jairam in my college in Aurangabad; He taught us Revenue management in college. His dedication to teach his subject was very well reflected in his lectures. For a tough question he uses to often say â€Å"This is not rocket science†. Another teacher which is close to my heart was an art teacher whom I use to go to as a child. She bought out so much creativity in me and made paint most difficult of paintings. She use to often treat us with goodies like Cookies and apple juice. 4) Why did you decide to consider teaching as a career? I discovered my love for children and teaching after my daughter was born. Being a hotel management graduate I decided to switch to teaching purely to express my love for children. It gives me great platform to express my creativity and carry back so much home to talk to my dear daughter. 5) As Head of school what are the innovative programs you would introduce? As Head of school I would like to introduce an evening school for the deserving children who want to study but economically can’t afford it. I would like training and workshops for the teachers for self improvement and their growth. 6) What are your personal strengths and which areas do you need to improve? My personal strength is to make people talk. Being a patient person I don’t give up on my students I keep getting back to them till they get the lesson. Areas I need improvement in can be in organizing things in advance.

Financial Analysis Of IOI Group Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 17 Words: 5088 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? IOI Groups formation years were associated with real estate when it forayed into property development in 1982 followed by Oil Palm plantations in 1985. Today, IOI Group is internationally known as a leading global integrated palm oil player with operations stretching the entire palm value chain from seedlings to plantations to crop oil extraction to diverse value-added manufacturing across major continents serving global markets in more than 65 countries. Close to its home-base in Malaysia, the Group is also prominently known as one of the leading property developer with significant investment holdings of prime real-estates. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Financial Analysis Of IOI Group Finance Essay" essay for you Create order IOI Group employs more than 30,000 personnel of more than 23 different nationalities in 15 countries. IOIs business activities can be broadly categorized in 3 linked segments is plantation, resource-based manufacturing and property, where products and services are offered externally or consumed along the value chain for further value-add activities before reaching consumers. Each activity in the value-chain complements the next, creating a logical progression in which we transform basic resources to a wide range of high value-added products. IOIs approach on Corporate Responsibility is to strike a Sustainable Balance between the conflicting demands of internal and external stakeholders in our pursuit of profits and growth. Our operating principles on sustainability are reflected in our vision statement and Code of Business Conduct since 1995 way before social-environment and global warming concerns took global centre-stage. IOI Group vision is that they shall strive to achieve responsible commercial success by satisfying our customers needs, giving superior performance to our shareholders, providing rewarding careers to our people, cultivating mutually beneficial relationship with our business associates, caring for the society and the environment in which we operate, and contributing towards the progress of our nation. Ratio Analysis Liquidity Ratio Current Ratio Liquidity ratio of IOI corporation drop dramatically in year 2008. This is not very favorable as it may not be able to meet short term obligations. Quick Ratio The quick ratio of IOI corporation is not very favorable. It drop in year 2008 which shows low liquidity of inventory. Activity Ratios Inventory Trunover According to the analysis, the inventory turnovers of IOI Corporation worsen as it drop in year 2008. Average Collection Period (Days) Average collection payment period has improved as it takes lesser time to receive payment from customers. This shows a good sign as they would have more cash in hand. Average Payment Period (Days) IOI corporation also improve in their payment period as it takes lesser time to pay their debtors. This may increase the image of their company. Total Asset Turnover In the earlier years, IOI Corporation was very efficient in using its assets to generate sales but the situation worsen in year 2008. The average time it took to turn over its assets change from 0.56 times per year to 0.85 per year. Debt Ratios Debt Ratio (Percentage) IOI Corporation has a high degree of indebtness and financial leverage with average ratio of 40%. The company uses a great amount of other peoples money to gemerate profits. Profitability Ratios Gross Profit Margin(Percentage) The higher the gross prodit margin, the better it is. The graph above shows that the companys gross profit margin drop dramatically from year 2006 to 2008. It is not favourable. Operating Profit Margin(Percentage) Operating profit are pure profit, a higher operating profit margin is preferred. IOI corporations operating profit margin deterioriate in year 2008. Net Profit Margin(Percentage) The higher the net profit, the better the companys performance. This is the percentage profit that is avaialable after deducting all cost and expenses. The net profit margin for IOI corporation is improving year by year which is a very good scene for the company. Earnings Per Share (Cents) Earnings per share are closely watched by the investing public and are considered an important indicator of corporate success. IOI Corporations EPS drop in year 2007 but it improved in year 2008. Return on Total Asset (ROA) (Percentage) ROA of IOI corporation increase year by year which is a very good sign for the company. Return on Equity (ROE) (Percentage) The higher the return of ROE, the better it is to the firms owner. ROE of IOI Corporation deteriorate in year 2008. In year 2007, it earned 21.33% on each ringgit of common stock equity and it dropped to 12.36% earning on each ringgit of common stock equity in year 2008. Evaluation of internal areas In general terms, the liquidity is the solvency of the firms overall financial position. The overall liquidity of the IOI Corporation does not seem to exhibit a stable trend. It did not maintain at a level that is consistence. A firm is considered to be more liquid when the current ratio is high. The ratio calculated earlier indicates that IOI liquidity is not very stable as it dropped in 2008 which have some problem in meeting short term obligation Inventory of IOI Corporation is also not very stable. It does not face any receivable and payment problem as the receiving and payment period drop. Reputation of the company is quite stable as it does not extend the payment period. IOI Corporations asset turnover is increasing that shows that the firm is quite efficient at using its assets to generate sales. IOI Corporation indebtness increased all the way from 2006-2008. This indicates that the companys ability in meeting fixed-payment obligations is poor. The profitability for IOI Corporation did not match with the firms performance for 2006-2008 as the gross profit declined. In other words, level of relative cost of merchandise sold affect the level of gross profit margin. Profit margin tends to fall when operating expenses increases. Operating profit margin for IOI Corporation is not quite favorable as it is not stable and decline in year 2008. Net profit margin of IOI Corporation improves all the way from 2006-2008. This is a very good sign for the company as the risk free rate of interest is improving. Evaluation of external areas IOI Group revenue has increased steadily by increasing sales over the years. Their main core businesses are Palm oil which consists of plantation and down streaming manufacturing and property. We are pleased that IOI Group continues to deliver strong earnings growth following the successful completion of the reverse takeover and equity placement exercise in August 2006. The improved performance in 2006, 2007 and 2008 consequently was driven by volume expansion across major business. With high inflationary pressure continuing in the new financial year and consequently affecting market demand and sentiment, growth in the Malaysian economy is projected to slow down during 2009. On the plantation front, after more than two years of continuous record-breaking hikes in the palm oil prices, there has been a problem of this upward trend and palm oil prices and market outlook have softened considerably during this period. The Group has always been aware of the cyclical nature of palm oil prices. Nevertheless, the Group believes that there are positive fundamentals such as strong palm oil consumption growth in several regions such as China, Africa and USA, relatively low world vegetable oil stock to usage ratio and biofuel price buffer that will prevent any sharp drop in palm oil prices. As for our downstream manufacturing business, there is a general expectation that if the upstream palm oil prices soften; the margins for the downstream business should improve. That is generally true but in this 2009; there is a widespread cost increase in utilities and other materials due to the withdrawal of Malaysian governments assistance on natural gas and fuel. This cost increase may offset the gains that are expected from lower palm oil input prices but given the Groups good market reputation, we will be able to pass on some of this utilities cost increase to our customers. All in, the Group still expects reasonably good performance from our manufacturing business in 2009. Despite the bearish property market, we are cautiously optimistic that we will be able to perform better than many of our peers in the industry due to the good location of our townships, our ability to manage our product mix to suit the prevailing market demand and the value-adding opportunities arising from our mature townships namely in the commercial property segment. As we look at the current financial year, we must be prepared to face the rapidly changing landscape in the palm oil industry where both new opportunities as well as new challenges surface. On our part, we have continued to invest heavily in future growth. More importantly, we have been able to do this in a focused and disciplined manner that allows us to ride along with positive trends shaping the industry without taking on excessive risks. We have also been fortunate to have the opportunity to add on parts that will create substantial value to the whole business. Last but certainly not the least; we have a team of experienced and committed people who still aspire to reach greater heights. All of these give us the confidence that we are well positioned for the future. Competition and Economic Performance IOI rely fundamentally on competition in product markets to organize production. Indeed, the advantage of competitive markets over command-and-control systems is generally recognized. Even so, it is often difficult to provide observed evidence of the effect of incremental changes in the intensity of competition for aggregate economic performance. This is partly because product market competition is only one among many factors influencing key aggregate performance indicators, such as productivity and employment. However, has identified an empirical connection between strong competition in markets for goods and services and better productivity and employment outcomes. The empirical evidence suggests that differences in competitive pressures have played an important role in explaining the variation in economic performance across palm oil business and property segments. It also indicates that core business (palm oil and property) market reforms that enhance competition will have positive effects on employment performance. Increased competition can lead to both one-time and ongoing gains in multi-factor productivity (MFP). One-off efficiency improvements arise both from better resource allocation and the use of inputs in response to greater pressures to perform. Ongoing gains relate to enhanced efforts to innovate and faster diffusion of innovations. While there is general consensus that stronger competition leads to static efficiency gains, there has been some controversy about the link between competition and dynamic gains. Economic Risk Our participation in our core businesses, namely palm oil and properties, entails risks that arise in the ordinary course of business. Palm oil prices can be very volatile and can result in wide fluctuation in revenue and cash flow. IOI group takes on only those risks that are necessarily associated with creating added economic value and ensuring always a worthwhile risk-reward ratio. Risks that could not otherwise be managed to a satisfactory level on a proactive basis are strategically mitigated. In the case of palm oil, for instance, normal price fluctuations are manageable risks whilst improperly sharp fluctuations and cyclical trends are strategically mitigated by the Groups positioning in different segments of the palm oil value chain, namely plantation, refinery, oleo chemicals and specialty oils and fats. The Groups exposure to different segments of the palm oil chain also provides better visibility and enables better risk management execution that enhances value beyond mere balancing out the effects of price fluctuation. For the property segment the judicious selection of locations when acquiring land bank and the choice of product mix when making property sales launches during different phases of the property market cycles are the most crucial factors in managing market and operation risks. The Groups operations which have expanded substantially in recent years expose it to a variety of financial risks, including foreign currency risk, interest rate risk, market risk (including commodity price risk), credit risk, liquidity and cash flow risk. The Groups overall financial risk management objective is to ensure that the Group creates value for its shareholders whilst minimizing potential adverse effects on its financial performance and positions. Main consideration is on potential impact on risks to cash flows. Besides, the Group also enters into interest rate derivative instruments with the objective of minimizing overall cost of borrowings over the tenure of the underlying borrowings. An appropriate mix of fixed and floating rates are taken after giving due consideration to current fixed rates level, forward scenario analysis and potential net cash flow fluctuation. Whenever appropriate, we also enter into forward foreign currency contracts to limit the Groups exposure to fluctuation in foreign exchange rates with respect to our foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities as well as committed sales and purchases of commodity and other products. Credit risks and counter party risks are evaluated and managed at the level of the respective business units within the Groups prescribed framework. Advice and Recommendation The world is fast realizing the need to address the issues of environmental sustainability. There are plenty of established plantation companies in Malaysia. The dominant plantation product is Oil Palm.The first commercial oil palm estate in Malaysia was set up in 1917. Since then the industry in Malaysia has grown by leaps and bounds and the country is now the largest producer and exporter of palm oil in the world, accounting for 52 percent of world production and 64 percent of world exports in 1997. As in all industries, research and development (RD) is critical, particularly since palm oil competes with 16 other oils and fats on the world market. There is a need to generate information, increase production and processing efficiency and expand uses of palm oil through RD. The palm oil industry has been able to do this through the establishment of the Palm Oil Research Institute of Malaysia (PORIM). Oil palm plantation meets global challenges. First, the oil palm industry faces with fluctuations. They try to manage it by keep cost well monitored and adopt flexible mechanism adjusting forward and spot sale percentages to meet price sale trend. Next will be the fear of another world recession. Price of CPO (crude palm oil) followed crude oil trend which cause the cost of fertilizers to increase tremendously. The run-up in the price of palm oil since early 2005 has been linked to rising demand for crude oil, which has effectively driven up the price of all other vegetable oils. This has somehow improved the companys liquidity level for that current year. Most palm oil is currently used in food products, cosmetics, and for industrial purposes less than one percent of Malaysias 2007 production was used for biodiesel. Such use has helped deflect some of the criticism levied by environmentalists against the industry, which maintains that palm oil is helping feed the world and has a favorable energy balance relative to biofuel feedstock grown in Europe and the United States. However now that more palm oil will be going into biofuel production, it may make the industry an easier target for green groups who say that oil palm expansion is destroying large tracts of rainforests and peatlands, releasing greenhouse gases and putting endangered species like the orangutan at risk. Under the changing circumstance of both economic and rival from time to time, it is necessary to find ways to improve the performance of their company. The firm should find ways to increase more of its sales. Chin Teck Berhad should have further analysis about the firms level of liquidity as it may have difficulty to meet short term obligations if the ratio keeps falling. Further analysis on the activity ratio for Chin Teck is also needed. Collection and payment period should be adjusted as it may affect the level of cash in the firm and may ruin the reputation of the firm. The management should tighten the credit policy to improve the receivable ratios and not to lengthen the payment period in order to keep the reputation or the firm. Management of Chin Teck should increase the production or may cooperate with other stable firms in order to increase the confidence level of investors towards the firms future performance. SWOT Analysis Strength IOI places a very high value on education and human capital development for the nation, especially their employees and children. For example, IOI continues to support important works conducted by the Borneo Child Aid Society, Sabah (HUMANA) and their creation of 51 schools for the children of plantation workers in Sabah. IOI Corporation is the main contributor which sponsors 22 of these HUMANA schools and is very proud of our association with this worthy organization. Under the Yayasan Tan Sri Lee Shin Cheng (Yayasan), a charitable foundation fully sponsored by IOI Group of Companies,various scholarships and bursaries have been provided to outstanding students pursuing degree courses. The Group has four refineries with total refining capacity of 3,350,000 MT, i.e. one in Sabah with a refining capacity of 1.2 million MT and kernel crushing capacity of 300,000 MT per annum, two refineries in Johor, with a combined annual refining capacity of 1.3 million The principal products of the IOI Oleo chemical Division (Oleo Division) include fatty acids, glycerin, soap noodles and fatty esters. These versatile products are used in a wide variety of applications, including manufacturing of detergents, surfactants, shampoo, soaps, cosmetics, pharmaceutical products, food additives and plastics. Our products are exported to more than 60 countries worldwide, IOI Corporation also has one of the most developed specialty oils and fats technology base in the industry. Having research through meticulous RD for zero burning policy that help land clearing by using the method of felling, shredding and allowing decomposition in. Furthermore, it allows the complete return of organic matter to the soil and helps to preserve, restore and improve soil fertility. The last but not least of the strength of IOI Corporation is its strong position in the country. It is ranked 9th in the Malaysias Top 10 Most Valuable Brand. It is a recognized and popular Corporation which many investors would choose to invest in. Weaknesses A weakness describes any aspect of the organization that may hinder the achievement of specific objectives. Believed to be unhealthy to the heart due to the presence of saturated fats, new scientific data suggest that saturates are not as bad as once believed IOI Corporation is too relying on internal resources and overlooks the importance of external resources. As time pass by, IOI Corporation will not only rely on the internal resources, and will have to outsource more and employ specialists in these areas that new to IOI Corporation. For management, IOI Corporation believes that there is a lot of misinformation out there about it, however, whatever lobbying that will be done will be fact-based and well-researched, using various channels effectively. Besides that, IOI corporation that continuous improvement in productivity and produce an increasing amount of palm oil required huge land and large amount of fertilizers and pesticides is actually bring harm to both the company and environment. In order to solve the problem, the company should think of a strategy that efficiency produce palm oil using less land, which correspondingly reduces the amount of fertilizers and pesticides needed. Furthermore, another weakness of IOI Corporation is they face problem of uncertainty of palm oil prices that out of their control. During the financial year under review, the average selling price of crude palm oil had declined. This was mainly due to bearish fundamentals locally. Domestic ending stocks were high. However, demand from consuming countries remained strong. The possibility of crude palm oil (CPO) prices falling further in the future, investors will dump their holdings on concerns that weaker CPO price and rising cost would hurt the planters earnings outlook. However, the analysts are still upbeat on IOI Corporation. Opportunity There are many opportunities available in the market in this 21st century. First of all, the opportunity available for IOI Corporation would be buying more land to expand the plantation productions. A detailed research would be needed in order to purchase the most suitable and fertile land. The initial investment would be quite a huge amount but a great amount of profit would be earned in the long run. Next opportunity would be getting more contracts with other companies in property developing. This can be done through promotion activities. As more companies buy over our property, we would be able to use that revenue to build more new properties. This would generate a huge amount of revenue. The reputation of IOI Corporation would also increase as more consumers purchase properties from us. What is most important is to keep the quality of the properties we build in order to attract more consumers. The following opportunity that is available in this modern world would be merging. One of the most suitable way to find a company to merge with is a company that has a negatively correlated business with our own company. This is a very good way to diversify the risk of the company. When the market for our business is not that smooth, we are able to gain profit from the other business of the merging company to cover losses or the decreased profit of our company. SWOT Analysis can now influence the Opportunities for the business. These can be seen as targets to achieve and exploit in the future. Good financial position creating a good reputation for future bank loans and borrowings would be the first example. Next would be skilled workforce that means that we can be moved and trained into other areas of the business. We also have the opportunity to increase spending power in the National economy. Last but not least will be the opportunity of moving a product into a new market sector. Threats Internal controls risk management, economic situation against core products, competitive or technological threats are highlighted. Our integrated systems of internal controls, and how these are continuously shaped through our Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) Framework that interweaves the Groups Vision and business objectives of our global operation. To explain the Groups oversight structure that ensures the integrity of adopted frameworks in engaging every business unit and hierarchical level to proactively embrace uncertainties and manage associated risks. Groups expanded view on uncertainties that it gives rise to only risks and controls. Hence, the Groups top-down risk management program drives a continuous cycle of control activities plus timely strategic respond to opportunities and threats. IOI Corporation Berhad palm oil production is looking strong, but the stagnant oil-extraction rate (OER) of palm oil, especially in Peninsular Malaysia that is below 20% for the past 20 years, has been a major concern. Property prices have not escalated in a frenzied manner over the last few years, the threat of an oversupply is somewhat kept in check. The 2009 Sarawak property market is generally expected to slow down further. The continued inflationary pressures put by world economic imbalances and uncertainties will continue to stall demand for housing. The property take up rates are expected to be slower in 2009 compared to 2008.The fear and threat of further increases in petrol prices and inflation rates, the global slow down in economic growth and the global trend of rising interest rates are expected to dampen the buying sentiment in the property market. On the other side competitors and technology are great threats for IOI Group Berhad because competitors applies new innovation and method to rise market share as well as technology is now modern weapon for business to increase companys value and its growth. New Project The company will be launching a new property development project. What the company stress on is the development at potential half-rural areas in short period time (3 to 5 years). This project will be a cooperative business with the government as the government has the same objective towards the development. Objective of this project is to develop the potential remote areas. For example, Tangkak and Mersing in Johor and Langkap in Perak. These towns are only made up by streets and villages. The people do not enjoy the facilities which are in the big cities like Kuala Lumpur and Johor Bahru. So, this project will be building up those potential areas to let the people can fully utilized what we used in the big cities. Besides building houses, IOI group will be building other facilities or infrastructures which should be in a city such as shopping complexes, Police Station, Fire Station, hospitals, schools (primary, secondary, colleges, and universities), roads, public transportation and so on. IOI group will be co-operating with the Ministry of Housing and Local Government to achieve the objective of this project. IOI group will act as the local government (town council) with the assistance of our Government. After the area is developed, the developer the IOI group will be issuing a card which called privilege cards to the residents. The card will be functioning as membership card and its a proven document for the residents. Then, the residents can use the card to spend in the shopping complexes, for the other infrastructures or even mamak stalls. Special Task (Merging) After doing our research, we have found out that IOI Corporation is a very big and stable company. Its yearly profit is quite stable. After some discussion, we have decided to merge with Air Asia. This merger would benefit both parties. The benefit that both companies would get is the increasing profit and diversifying the risk of company. By merging with Air Asia, IOI Corporation can arrange for specialized plane. The usage for this plane is only for IOI Corporation which would be used for sending their plantation goods out of the country. This will give a faster and more efficient transportation of goods compared to using ships for transportation. Goods will be delivered on time and it can be transported to many countries around the world. After the merger, we would help in opening cargo for Air Asia as it does not have one currently. This would benefit both parties. IOI Corporation could use this cargo to transport goods out of the country and Air Asia can do new business through accepting goods transportation using cargo to boost its profit. During MATTA fair, IOI Corporation can have promotions. Some of the strategies are giving free flights to customers when they purchase property of IOI Corporation. IOI Corporation can build own hotels. Customers can purchase a package flight ticket with IOI hotels accommodation included which would be much cheaper. Advertisement about IOI Corporation properties can be shown during flight time in the airplane. This will help increase sales of IOI as there may be potential customers in the flights. It may also attract interested foreign investors which are in that particular flight. Foreign investment in our country not only helps to boost the corporation profit but also benefits the countrys economy. As we merge, IOI Corporation would build a hostel for Air Asia staffs. This can help the staffs save a lot every month. IOI would give overseas trip to staffs every year as workers welfare. They can choose any country that they would like to visit as it would be provided by Air Asia. By having this benefit, it may increase the commitment of staffs towards the corporation. New proposals would be prepared on building airports after the merging. IOI Corporation would take one of its plantation lands for building an airport just for Air Asia. By looking in short term, one land may be lost but it benefits both parties in the long run. Profits would be much more when the airport is build compared to using it for plantation as IOI would choose the most unfertile land for this purpose. After the airport is build, more planes would be open to other countries around the world. They would have direct flights to countries that most airlines do not have in KLIA and Singapore Changi Airport. Research and development department would work on research on palm oil for replacing petrol. This idea is already starting in other countries so we would work harder on this. If we succeed, it will benefit both companies. Air Asia would not need to purchase any petrol for its airplane. It would help save a lot and on the other hand, IOIs palm oil can be produced into petrol and sold to other companies. This would increase IOI Corporations profit dramatically as petrol would be used up and become extinct one day in the future. Palm oil can be planted and it can be produced again and again which would not become extinct. We have made a calculation on the extra profit that we would earn with this merging. First of all it would be our operating profit margin, we would be more efficient after the merging that increase our operating profit margin by around 20% which would be 18.26% which is much more better off. Next would be the increase of the Earnings Per Share (EPS). This increase would be deriving from the increase of net income. We made a calculation on the cost and came out with a conclusion that our cost would be cut down at least 15% if the merging is successful. Cost would be lesser as two companies operation will be merge that diversify the cost. Conclusion We can see that IOI Corporation also has its own strength that would benefits the company, weakness which may be the target of competitors, opportunities that company can expand the business, threats that company should be alert of. The company will be very successful if all of these components are managed properly. New projects should be implemented to increase the revenue and expand the business. From the research that we have done, it shows that merging with Air Asia would be a very great idea as it benefits both parties. Three most important advantages of the merger would be portfolio diversifier, increasing revenue and expansion of business. As a conclusion, we hope that the plan and opinion that we have given in this project will illustrate the current situation in IOI group. Then, we also hope that the ways taken in solving or improve the current situation will be useful and applicable in reality. Besides that we also hope the objective we have given can be achieved in future for the goodness of the company overall financial management. As for IOI group, as an organization that serves the community, they must operate towards the public interest so that the world would be a better place to live in. They must also interact in each other to improve the quality of the organization. By provided with the ascendancy, we only have the competencies to compete with our competitor and more further to the global market.